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目的调查动车组空调通风系统送风中空气质量状况,探讨其影响因素。方法检测动车组空调送风中空气卫生指标,分析其卫生状况及影响因素。结果出乘前组PM10、细菌总数和真菌总数的合格率均为100.00%,平均浓度分别为0.055 mg/m3、120 CFU/m3、148 CFU/m3;出乘组PM10、细菌总数和真菌总数的合格率分别为81.0%、78.6%和89.7%,平均浓度分别为0.091 mg/m3、545 CFU/m3、335 CFU/m3。出乘组PM10和细菌总数合格率低于出乘前组(χ2=9.333和10.723,P<0.01),PM10、细菌总数和真菌总数平均浓度高于出乘前组(t=24.573、4.082和3.400,P<0.01)。京沪高铁组PM10的合格率高于济青客专组(χ2=5.975,P<0.05),平均浓度低于济青客专组(t=2.159,P<0.05);细菌总数平均浓度随着运行时间延长显著增高(t=3.223,P<0.05);PM10和细菌总数平均浓度随着使用年限延长显著增高(t=5.965和2.723,P<0.05)。结论动车组运行线路、使用年限和连续运行时间等因素影响送风中空气质量,应针对不同影响因素采取相应的清洗消毒措施。
Objective To investigate the condition of air quality in the air conditioning and ventilation system of EMU and its influencing factors. Methods The air hygienic index of the air conditioners in the air conditioners of the EMUs was tested to analyze the hygienic conditions and influencing factors. The results showed that the passing rate of PM10, the total number of bacteria and the total number of fungi were both 100.00% and the average concentrations were 0.055 mg / m3, 120 CFU / m3 and 148 CFU / m3, respectively; The pass rates were 81.0%, 78.6% and 89.7% respectively, with average concentrations of 0.091 mg / m3, 545 CFU / m3 and 335 CFU / m3, respectively. The passing rate of PM10 and total bacteria in the take-out group was lower than that in the take-off group (χ2 = 9.333 and 10.723, P <0.01). The average concentrations of PM10, total number of bacteria and total fungi were higher than those in the first group (t = 24.573, 4.082 and 3.400 , P <0.01). The pass rate of PM10 in the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail group was higher than that of the Jinan-Qingke special group (χ2 = 5.975, P <0.05), and the average concentration was lower than that of the Jinan-Qingkailu group (t = 2.159, P < (T = 3.223, P <0.05). The average concentrations of PM10 and total bacteria increased significantly with the extension of their service life (t = 5.965 and 2.723, P <0.05). Conclusion EMUs affect the air quality in the air supply due to the operation route, service life and continuous operation time. Corresponding cleaning and disinfection measures should be taken according to different influencing factors.