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战后日本经济的发展,伴随着国内外环境和条件的变化,大体上经过了四个发展阶段。第一阶段(1946年～1955年):恢复时期;第二阶段(1956年～1973年):高速增长时期;第三阶段(1974年～1984年):低速增长时期;第四阶段(1985～现在):经济增长转型时期,也是日本经济重大变革时期。本文着重谈谈第二阶段即日本经济的高速发展及其原因,以及第三阶段日本经济转入低速稳定增长及其原因。附带提一下第四阶段的变革。 一、日本经济的高速发展 第二次世界大战期间,日本经济遭到严重破坏,战后初期,日本处于战败国的地位,经济陷入瘫痪状态,生产急剧下降,工业设备陈旧不堪,消费品和粮食极端匮乏,物价急剧上涨。1946年工业生产产值
The post-war Japan’s economic development, along with changes in the environment and conditions at home and abroad, has generally gone through four stages of development. The first stage (1946 ~ 1955): the recovery period; the second stage (1956 ~ 1973): the period of rapid growth; the third stage (1974 ~ 1984): the period of low-speed growth; the fourth stage Now): In the transitional period of economic growth, it was also a period of major economic change in Japan. This article focuses on the second phase that Japan’s rapid economic development and its causes, as well as the third phase of Japan’s economy into a steady low-speed growth and its causes. Incidentally mention the fourth phase of change. I. Rapid Economic Development in Japan During the Second World War, the Japanese economy was severely damaged. In the early postwar era, Japan was in a state of defeat and the economy was in a state of paralysis. Production plummeted, industrial equipment was outdated, consumer goods and food were extreme Shortage, prices rose sharply. 1946 industrial output value