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人们在社会生活中总是需要和语言文字打交道,而当今语言文字的规范使用是与文字学概念的准确理解有着密切关系的。2001年1月1日《中华人民共和国国家通用语言文字法》开始施行,在《语言文字法》的宣传和贯彻过程中,又进一步要求人们掌握一些文字学的基本概念。本文拟对四组文字学概念进行辨析。一、文字·语言语言是人类最重要的交际工具和思维工具。而文字是记录语言的书写符号系统,它虽然扩大了语言在时间和空间上的交际功能,却是语言的辅助工具,绝不独立于语言之外。文字和语言的不同点主要表现在: (一) 出现时间有先后。自从有了人类,就有了语言。而文字是在人类的文化发展到一定阶段才出现的。
People always need to deal with the language in social life, and the standard use of today’s language is closely related to the accurate understanding of the concept of philology. On January 1, 2001, the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on General Language and Characters” came into operation. In the process of propaganda and implementation of the Law on Language and Characters, we further required that people should master some basic concepts of writing science. This article intends to distinguish the four concepts of philology. First, the language · language is the most important human communication tools and thinking tools. The writing system is a written sign system of the recording language. Although it expands the communicative function of language in time and space, it is an auxiliary tool of language and is not independent of the language. Differences between the text and the language mainly in: (a) the time has appeared. Since human beings, there has been a language. The text is in the development of human culture to a certain stage appeared.