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1938年10月武汉失守,中国的抗战形势进入一个以战略相持为特点的新的阶段。此时,日本对华实行所谓“以战养战”的政策。国民党政府制定了一整套反动的“溶共”、“防共”、“限共”的政策。国民党副总裁、亲日派首领汪精卫发表《艳电》,公开投降日本。全国抗战形势开始逆转。在这民族存亡的关头,中共中央革命军事委员会副主席周恩来代表党中央,以国民政府军委会政治部副部长的公开身份,从重庆来到东南抗日前哨。先到皖南新四军军部,传达中央关于向敌后发展的指示,确定新四军向南巩固,向东作战,向北发展的战略方针。随后,他到浙江视察抗战。
In October 1938, when Wuhan was lost, China’s anti-Japanese war situation entered a new phase featuring strategic stalemate. At this time, Japan implemented the so-called policy of “fighting war with Japan.” The Kuomintang government has formulated a set of reactionary “dissolved communists”, “anti-Communist” and “limited communist” policies. Kuomintang vice president, pro-Japanese leader Wang Jingwei published “brilliant”, publicly surrendered to Japan. The situation in the country’s anti-Japanese war began to reverse. At the very moment of its national survival, Vice Chairman Zhou Enlai of the Revolutionary Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee came to the southeastern anti-Japanese outpost from Chongqing on behalf of the party Central Committee with the public identity of the deputy minister of political department of the National Government Military Commission. First arrived at the Wannan Army of the New Fourth Army to convey the Central Government’s instructions on the development behind enemy lines and the strategic guidelines for the New Fourth Army to consolidate southwards, combat eastward and develop northward. Subsequently, he inspected the war in Zhejiang.