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借鉴复杂网络理论及其涌现机理,以中国研发网络为例,运用1979—2014年美国专利与商标局(USPTO)的专利数据,分阶段地分析中国研发网络自组织演化的涌现特征,并对其涌现表现和涌现层级结构等进行了研究。研究结果表明:中国研发网络的演化具有显著的复杂网络自组织特征和涌现特性,随着网络系统的不断发展而呈现明显的涌现层级结构;中国各省(自治区、直辖市)进入研发网络的步调不一致,研发网络整体的知识流动及其研发效率还很薄弱,研发国际化水平和先进知识流动程度都相对较低,这导致中国研发网络中发达地区与欠发达地区的合作研发水平和创新能力存在巨大差距。
Drawing on the theory of complex network and its emerging mechanism, taking the Chinese R & D network as an example, this paper uses the patent data of USPTO from 1979 to 2014 to analyze the emerging characteristics of self-organization evolution of R & D network in China Emerging performance and emergence of hierarchical structure were studied. The research results show that the evolution of Chinese R & D network has obvious characteristics of self-organization and emergence of complex networks. With the continuous development of the network system, there appears a clear hierarchical structure. The paces of China’s provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) entering R & D networks are inconsistent, R & D network as a whole the flow of knowledge and its research and development efficiency is still very weak, R & D level of internationalization and the flow of advanced knowledge are relatively low, which led to China R & D network in developed and underdeveloped areas of R & D cooperation and innovation capacity there is a huge gap .