论文部分内容阅读
[目的]了解新疆哈萨克族青少年身体形态的变化规律、发展趋势、同一性别不同年龄段城乡间存在的差异及其原因,为提高哈萨克族青少年健康水平提供客观依据。[方法]对新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州及阿勒泰的3106名哈萨克族青少年按照国家相关规定的方法、标准进行测试、统计与分析。[结果]同一年龄段哈萨克族青少年城男、城女在身高指标上总体优于乡男、乡女,并且城市女生总体上高于乡村女生1～3cm。体重指标与身高相似,城市高于农村,不同年龄段存在着统计学差异(P﹤0.05)或(P﹤0.01),并且女生在9岁、男生在11岁出现最大差异,女生为2.64kg,男生为4.39kg。胸围指标城市与乡村学生除个别年龄段存在统计学差异外,大多年龄段不具有统计学差异。腰围指标多数年龄段存在着不同程度的统计学差异(P﹤0.05)或(P﹤0.01),男女最大差异分别出现在11岁时的8.94cm和12岁时的8.01cm。臀围指标城乡男女在12岁前个别年龄段有一定差异外,其他年龄段没有统计学差异。[结论]通过测试结果分析得出,必须高度重视哈萨克族青少年城乡间身体形态指标的差异,进一步加强学校体育工作,确保学生每天锻炼1h,保证课间操的质量,改变生活方式,缩小城乡之间的差异,进一步提高哈萨克族青少年的健康水平。
[Objective] To understand the changing regularity and development trend of body shape of Kazak adolescents in Xinjiang and the differences and their causes between urban and rural areas in different ages of the same sex and provide an objective basis for improving the health of Kazak adolescents. [Methods] A total of 3,106 Kazakh adolescents in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture and Altay of Xinjiang were tested, statistically analyzed and analyzed in accordance with the methods and standards of relevant state regulations. [Results] The boys and girls in urban and rural areas of Kazaks in the same age group generally outperformed rural men and women in height, and urban girls were generally 1 to 3 cm higher than rural girls. The body mass index was similar to height, the urban area was higher than that in rural areas, there was a statistically significant difference (P <0.05) between different age groups (P <0.01), and girls were 9 years old, boys were the biggest difference at 11 years old, girls was 2.64kg, 4.39kg boys. Bust index urban and rural students in addition to individual age there is a statistical difference, most of the age groups do not have statistical differences. The most significant difference between male and female appeared at 8.94 cm at age 11 and 8.01 cm at 12 years of age, respectively, in most age groups (P <0.05). Hip indicators Urban and rural men and women in the 12-year-old before certain age differences, the other age groups no significant difference. [Conclusion] Through the analysis of the test results, we must attach great importance to the difference of body shape index between urban and rural areas of Kazak youth, further strengthen the physical education in schools, ensure that students exercise for 1 hour per day, ensure the quality of class exercises, change their lifestyle and reduce the urban- To further improve the health of Kazakh adolescents.