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所谓估算就是根据学生已有的知识经验和题中的具体条件,对事物的数量和算式的结果迅速作出大概的推断,是学生巧妙验算教学的凭借,又是学生灵活解题的捷径。估算能力的高低直接反映了学生驾驭知识的能力,体现了学生的心智水平。因此,估算对小学数学教学有着不可忽视的作用。下面,就估算在解题中的应用谈谈浅见。一、凭借估算,巧妙验算验算是解题的重要一环节。凭借估算进行验算教学,不但简便、快捷、灵活,省时省力,形成灵活的验算技能,而且有助于培养学生良好的学习品质,发展学生的思维能力、观察能力等智力因素。1.直接估算计算结果的正确性例:计算(1)19 3/4+27 1/20-8 7/10=38 7/10(2)7.15×8.9÷10=63.635判断:(1)式的计算结果是否正确,可这样估算:
The so-called estimation is based on the student's existing knowledge and experience of the specific conditions of the problem, the number of things and the results of the formula promptly make a rough estimate, is the student skillfully count on teaching by virtue, but also a shortcut for students to flexibly solve the problem. Estimation of the level of ability directly reflects the ability of students to master the knowledge, reflects the students' mental level. Therefore, the estimation of primary school mathematics teaching can not be ignored. Below, to estimate the application in the problem-solving to talk about humble opinion. First, by virtue of estimates, clever checking calculation is an important part of solving problems. With the estimation of checking teaching, not only simple, fast, flexible, time-saving and labor-saving, the formation of flexible checking skills, but also help to develop students 'good learning quality, development of students' thinking skills, observation skills and other intellectual factors. (1) 19 3/4 + 27 1 / 20-8 7/10 = 38 7/10 (2) 7.15 × 8.9 ÷ 10 = 63.635 Judgment: (1) The calculation is correct, this can be estimated: