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摘 要：在英語学习过程中，英语教师应关注同学们如何运用语言，特别是掌握词汇，句型和综合运用之间的关系。本文作者经过多年的教学实践，发现语言学习的基本规律---句型学习为不同水平的学生构建学习的基石。从简单句，并列句到复合句的运用，我们就可以发现语言运用的本质。如果我们懂得如何让学生运用句型，学生们对语言的输入和输出会变得比较容易。作者将提供典型句型为同学们学习，为他们的可持续发展打下坚实的基础。
关键词：新课标；学科素养；英语句型；语境运用；实践与策略
Background
New Curriculum and Examination Outline require Senior 3 students to be accessible to necessary knowledge，essential ability and subject quality；to solve the problems between man and egoism，man and society and man and nature（1）.The students' learning state is not as efficient as we expect.They can't use key sentence patterns correctly，thus，they often make mistakes in their grammar exercise，passage correction and writing.It's urgent to classify the use of different kinds of sentence patterns and their relevant relationships.Beyond the separate uses，students should know the completely overall uses of the key sentences，especially in the context.
Find the problems in students’ English learning
Students have difficulty in using key sentence patterns.Some mistakes are shown in their homework，in their exams，in their English Weekly and in their book《创新设计总复习，英语分册二，满分必背》.List some sentences by classifying them into different types and analyze the reasons why students make such errors.After that，scaffold the students with some sentence patterns and ask them to make sentences with specific patterns.Finally，discuss with the students and find where the mistakes lie and how to correct them.Only in this way，can students really know how to use the language and how to improve their language level step by step.
The above picture shows the functions of English abilities，sentence patterns and vocabulary，and their inner relationship.
II.Five Basic simple sentence patterns
Match the forms with the examples.
III.Coordinate Sentences
e.g.：1）Work hard and you’ll succeed.
2）He is friendly to his friends and his friends do the same.
IV.Compound Sentences
1.Attributive Clause
e.g.： There are many islands in China，of which Taiwan Island is the biggest one.（2）
2.Adverbial Clauses（standing for time，place，condition and so on）
1）Child as he is，he can speak English fluently.
2）Please make notes where you can’t understand.
3）Bamboo grows where it is warm and where it often rains.
V.Noun Clauses
1 Subjective Clauses
e.g.：1）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
2）It is suggested that the meeting be put off till next Monday. 2 Predicative Clauses
e.g.：The reason why Tom was absent is that he didn’t catch the early bus.
3 Objective Clauses
e.g.：1） He has made it clear that he will not give in.
2） We’re worrying about what we should do next.
4 Appositive Clauses
e.g：The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.
VI.Translate from Chinese to English.
1.是否舉行会议仍然是一个问题。
Whether the meeting will be held is still a question.
2.中国乒乓球队获胜这个消息是振奋人心的。
The news that the Chinese Table Tennis Team won the game is exciting.
3.我们一到火车站，火车就开走了。（用倒装句翻译）
Hardly had we reached the train station when the train left.
4.直到他父亲回来，他才睡觉。（用not...until翻译）
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.
5.不到一个月我们就高考了。（用before翻译）
It won't be a month before we take the college entrance examination.
6.昨晚我们到家的时候是9点。
It was 9 pm when we got home yesterday.
VII.Frequently Used Sentences
Attachment 1 Sentences from the students’ outline of conclusion.
Students’ Outline of Conclusion
1.What made them so interesting was the fact that they all had different designs by them.
2.Visitors can get a feel of what life was like for the people of Petra.
3.I was surprised to see the desks pushed together，on which there was a big cake with candles on.
4.About 30 to 35 percent of all adult colds are caused by nasal passage viruses，of which over 100 different types have been I identified so far.
5.We have got so plenty of food as to treat our guests.
Attachment 2 Sentences from English Weekly.
From English Weekly
1.The land on which the plant sits was used as farm land.（29期）（4）
2.I’m very green when it comes to transport because I usually walk or ride everywhere.（30期）
3.For a certain amount of time，you can ask them questions and listen to their stories，which are fascinating and immersive as any you can find in a book.（31期）
4.With man’s skills of inventing things，the time may not be too far off when man may control the weather.（35期）
5.Not only will this create good feelings but a more positive attitude since endorphins（内啡肽）are released，which make you feel happy and energized.
Attachment 3 Sentence Patterns used in the writing.（students samples）
Dear Sir/Madam，
I’m Li Hua from Class 1，Senior 3.The reason why I write the letter is that I’m so interested in your English club that I’m rather eager to join it. Speaking of my passion for English，I have realized it since I was 10 years old.Besides，I’m always devoted to all kinds of after-school activities.As far as I am concerned，taking part in English Club at weekends will not only help me relaxed but also give me chances to learn more new things about English.
In a word，I really wish that I can join the club.I will appreciate it a lot if you could accept me.Thanks.
Looking forward to your reply！
yours，
Li Hua
点评：1.so…that 句型
2.not only…but also
3.wish和appreciate引出的宾语从句是亮点
So from the above，we know English learning is a gradual process，which needs teachers’ teaching techniques，teachers’ patience and students’ collaboration.However，the most important of all is the basic knowledge of the typical sentence patterns，which has a deep effect on students’ improvement of language use.
參考文献
[1] 梅德明.普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版）解读：北京：高等教育出版社，2018
[2]《教育考试与评价》（2018）
[3]《5年高考3年模拟》（2018）
[4]《英语周报》（2018）
（作者单位：四川省泸州高级中学校）
关键词：新课标；学科素养；英语句型；语境运用；实践与策略
Background
New Curriculum and Examination Outline require Senior 3 students to be accessible to necessary knowledge，essential ability and subject quality；to solve the problems between man and egoism，man and society and man and nature（1）.The students' learning state is not as efficient as we expect.They can't use key sentence patterns correctly，thus，they often make mistakes in their grammar exercise，passage correction and writing.It's urgent to classify the use of different kinds of sentence patterns and their relevant relationships.Beyond the separate uses，students should know the completely overall uses of the key sentences，especially in the context.
Find the problems in students’ English learning
Students have difficulty in using key sentence patterns.Some mistakes are shown in their homework，in their exams，in their English Weekly and in their book《创新设计总复习，英语分册二，满分必背》.List some sentences by classifying them into different types and analyze the reasons why students make such errors.After that，scaffold the students with some sentence patterns and ask them to make sentences with specific patterns.Finally，discuss with the students and find where the mistakes lie and how to correct them.Only in this way，can students really know how to use the language and how to improve their language level step by step.
The above picture shows the functions of English abilities，sentence patterns and vocabulary，and their inner relationship.
II.Five Basic simple sentence patterns
Match the forms with the examples.
III.Coordinate Sentences
e.g.：1）Work hard and you’ll succeed.
2）He is friendly to his friends and his friends do the same.
IV.Compound Sentences
1.Attributive Clause
e.g.： There are many islands in China，of which Taiwan Island is the biggest one.（2）
2.Adverbial Clauses（standing for time，place，condition and so on）
1）Child as he is，he can speak English fluently.
2）Please make notes where you can’t understand.
3）Bamboo grows where it is warm and where it often rains.
V.Noun Clauses
1 Subjective Clauses
e.g.：1）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
2）It is suggested that the meeting be put off till next Monday. 2 Predicative Clauses
e.g.：The reason why Tom was absent is that he didn’t catch the early bus.
3 Objective Clauses
e.g.：1） He has made it clear that he will not give in.
2） We’re worrying about what we should do next.
4 Appositive Clauses
e.g：The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.
VI.Translate from Chinese to English.
1.是否舉行会议仍然是一个问题。
Whether the meeting will be held is still a question.
2.中国乒乓球队获胜这个消息是振奋人心的。
The news that the Chinese Table Tennis Team won the game is exciting.
3.我们一到火车站，火车就开走了。（用倒装句翻译）
Hardly had we reached the train station when the train left.
4.直到他父亲回来，他才睡觉。（用not...until翻译）
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.
5.不到一个月我们就高考了。（用before翻译）
It won't be a month before we take the college entrance examination.
6.昨晚我们到家的时候是9点。
It was 9 pm when we got home yesterday.
VII.Frequently Used Sentences
Attachment 1 Sentences from the students’ outline of conclusion.
Students’ Outline of Conclusion
1.What made them so interesting was the fact that they all had different designs by them.
2.Visitors can get a feel of what life was like for the people of Petra.
3.I was surprised to see the desks pushed together，on which there was a big cake with candles on.
4.About 30 to 35 percent of all adult colds are caused by nasal passage viruses，of which over 100 different types have been I identified so far.
5.We have got so plenty of food as to treat our guests.
Attachment 2 Sentences from English Weekly.
From English Weekly
1.The land on which the plant sits was used as farm land.（29期）（4）
2.I’m very green when it comes to transport because I usually walk or ride everywhere.（30期）
3.For a certain amount of time，you can ask them questions and listen to their stories，which are fascinating and immersive as any you can find in a book.（31期）
4.With man’s skills of inventing things，the time may not be too far off when man may control the weather.（35期）
5.Not only will this create good feelings but a more positive attitude since endorphins（内啡肽）are released，which make you feel happy and energized.
Attachment 3 Sentence Patterns used in the writing.（students samples）
Dear Sir/Madam，
I’m Li Hua from Class 1，Senior 3.The reason why I write the letter is that I’m so interested in your English club that I’m rather eager to join it. Speaking of my passion for English，I have realized it since I was 10 years old.Besides，I’m always devoted to all kinds of after-school activities.As far as I am concerned，taking part in English Club at weekends will not only help me relaxed but also give me chances to learn more new things about English.
In a word，I really wish that I can join the club.I will appreciate it a lot if you could accept me.Thanks.
Looking forward to your reply！
yours，
Li Hua
点评：1.so…that 句型
2.not only…but also
3.wish和appreciate引出的宾语从句是亮点
So from the above，we know English learning is a gradual process，which needs teachers’ teaching techniques，teachers’ patience and students’ collaboration.However，the most important of all is the basic knowledge of the typical sentence patterns，which has a deep effect on students’ improvement of language use.
參考文献
[1] 梅德明.普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版）解读：北京：高等教育出版社，2018
[2]《教育考试与评价》（2018）
[3]《5年高考3年模拟》（2018）
[4]《英语周报》（2018）
（作者单位：四川省泸州高级中学校）