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目的通过逐级递增负荷运动试验测定13~15岁中学生最大有氧活动能力,建立间接预测模型。方法选取武汉市区一所初中31名学生作为研究对象,利用活动跑台对研究者的最大摄氧量进行测量,同时测量身高、体重、肺活量(VC)、脂肪体重和安静心率,计算体质指数和体脂百分比,分析最大摄氧量与人体测量学指标的相关性,并建立多元线性回归预测模型。结果男生的相对最大摄氧量[(48.00±5.80)L/min vs(39.79±6.37)L/min,t=3.753,P<0.001]、绝对最大摄氧量[(2.66±0.29)m L/(kg·min)vs(2.02±0.36)m L/(kg·min),t=5.418,P<0.001]及氧脉搏[(13.33±1.28)m L/次vs(10.34±1.70)m L/次,t=5.562,P<0.001]均高于女生,且差异具有统计学意义;最大摄氧量与体重、BMI、体脂百分比及安静心率呈负相关(P<0.05),与瘦体重呈正相关(P<0.05);采用多元线性回归建立男生VO_(2max)预测模型为:VO_(2max)=0.856+0.044×瘦体重-0.011×安静心率+0.0002×肺活量,其中R=0.903,R~2=0.816;女生预测方程为VO_(2max)=4.769+0.044×瘦体重-0.020×安静心率-0.254×年龄,R=0.813,R~2=0.662。结论人体测量学指标与最大摄氧量密切相关,可有效预测有氧活动能力。
Objective To measure the maximum aerobic capacity of middle school students aged 13 ~ 15 years by progressive incremental exercise test to establish an indirect prediction model. Methods A total of 31 students from a junior high school in Wuhan City were selected as research objects. The maximal oxygen uptake of the researcher was measured by the treadmill. The height, weight, vital capacity (VC), fat mass and resting heart rate were measured simultaneously. The body mass index And percentage of body fat, analysis of the maximum oxygen uptake and anthropometric indicators of relevance, and the establishment of multiple linear regression prediction model. Results The relative maximum oxygen uptake in boys was significantly higher than that in boys (48.00 ± 5.80 vs 39.79 ± 6.37, L / min, t = 3.753, P <0.001) (kg · min) vs (2.02 ± 0.36) m L / (kg · min), t = 5.418, P <0.001] and oxygen pulse [(13.33 ± 1.28) m L vs 10.34 ± 1.70 m L / Times, t = 5.562, P <0.001], and the difference was statistically significant. The maximum oxygen uptake was negatively correlated with body weight, BMI, body fat percentage and resting heart rate (P < (2max) = 0.856 + 0.044 × lean mass -0.011 × resting heart rate + 0.0002 × vital capacity, in which R = 0.903, R ~ 2 (P <0.05) = 0.816; girls prediction equation is VO 2max = 4.769 + 0.044 × lean body mass -0.020 × resting heart rate -0.254 × age, R = 0.813, R ~ 2 = 0.662. Conclusion The anthropometric indexes are closely related to the maximum oxygen uptake, which can effectively predict the aerobic activity.