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目的研究安阳地区长寿老人与个人、家庭、社会、经济、环境等因素在长寿人群中的流行病学分布规律,为进一步完善长寿老人的健康及疾病管理模式提供参考依据。方法本研究以安阳市3县(市)90岁高龄以上1050名长寿老人为研究对象,以内黄县长寿老人(≥90岁)477人为研究组,分别以汤阴县长寿老人(≥90岁)208人和林州市长寿老人365人为对照组,以问卷调查和体格检查结合的方式对全体研究对象进行调查。结果表明遗传因素、心理因素、饮食习惯、个人嗜好是影响内黄等3县(市)长寿人口存在差别的重要因素(P<0.05)。内黄等3县(市)长寿人口的身体状况、认知能力、生活能力状况人群特征分布不均(P>0.05)。结论良好的生活习惯和社会关爱是促进长寿的积极因素,如合理饮食、杜绝不良嗜好、提高家庭和社会生活的幸福感等,能够提高老人的生活质量,促进老人健康长寿。
Objective To study the epidemiological distribution of longevity elderly and individuals, family, society, economy and environment in long-lived population in Anyang area, and to provide reference for further improving the health and disease management of longevity elderly. Methods In this study, 1050 longevity elderly over 90 years old in 3 counties (cities) of Anyang were studied. 477 longevity old people (≥90 years old) in Neixian County were selected as the research group. The longevity elderly (≥90 years old) 208 and 365 Linger Longevity old people as the control group, with the questionnaire survey and physical examination combined with the way of investigation of all the subjects. The results showed that genetic factors, psychological factors, dietary habits and personal hobbies were the important factors affecting the longevity population in three counties (cities) such as Neihuang (P <0.05). Nehuang and other 3 counties (cities) longevity population physical condition, cognitive ability, ability of life status of population characteristics of uneven distribution (P> 0.05). Conclusion Good living habits and social care are the positive factors to promote longevity. For example, reasonable diet, elimination of bad habits, and improvement of family and social well-being can improve the quality of life of the elderly and promote the health and longevity of the elderly.