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库车坳陷是塔里木盆地油气勘探的重点有利区带之一,地表起伏剧烈,地层倾角大,表层破碎,岩性复杂,表层结构纵、横向变化大,激发和接收条件差;面波、折射波发育,次生线性干扰强;断层发育,地腹构造复杂,构造部位的成像效果差;地震波吸收衰减严重,反射能量弱,信噪比低。针对这些问题,采用多种方法和循环调查、迭代建模的方法,提高表层结构模型的精度,逐点设计激发井深。综合表层结构模型、地面地质资料、高精度遥感成像图片资料,优选激发、接收条件。采用宽线采集方法大幅度提高叠加次数和增强抗干扰能力,提高构造主体成像效果;采用大组合检波器压制多种干扰,提高单炮信噪比;实际应用表明,该采集方法能提高地震资料的信噪比和主体构造部位的成像效果。
The Kuqa Depression is one of the most favorable oil and gas exploration areas in the Tarim Basin. The surface undulation is drastic, the dip of the formation is large, the surface is broken, the lithology is complex, the vertical and horizontal changes of the surface structure are large, and the excitation and reception conditions are poor. Wave development, secondary linear interference; fault development, the formation of the abdomen is complex, the imaging effect of the structure of the site is poor; seismic absorption attenuation serious reflection energy is weak, the signal to noise ratio is low. In response to these problems, a variety of methods and cycle investigation, iterative modeling methods to improve the accuracy of the surface structure model, the point-by-point design of excitation well depth. Comprehensive surface structure model, ground geological data, high-precision remote sensing imaging picture information, optimization excitation, receiving conditions. Wide-line acquisition method can greatly improve the number of superpositions and enhance the anti-interference ability, and improve the imaging results of the main body of the structure; use a large combined detector to suppress a variety of interferences to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of single gun; the practical application shows that the acquisition method can improve the seismic data The signal to noise ratio and the main structure of the imaging results.