大同煤矿煤层和顶板坚硬,由于放顶钻具和强力支架尚未解决,部分煤层仍用煤柱控制顶板(如刀柱采煤法等)。随着采空面积的不断扩大,当顶板岩石破坏,采空区的媒柱失去支撑能力时,就会产生大面积冒落。大面积顶板冒落产生的高速高压暴风破坏性极大,历史上曾因此造成重大人身事故和矿井报废,造成国家财产和资源的严重损失。因此,预测预报大面积来压和冒落是关系重大的问题。几年来,我们在各级党组织的领导下,遵照毛主席“实践、认识、再实 Datong coal seam and roof hard, due to the top-hole drilling rig and powerful support has not been resolved, some coal seams are still using coal roof control (such as the column mining method, etc.). With the continuous expansion of the mined-out area, when the roof rock is destroyed and the mined-out mined-out area loses its supporting capacity, a large area will be eroded. The high-speed and high-pressure storm caused by large-area roof caving is extremely devastating. As a result, major personal accidents and mines have been scrapped in history, causing serious losses to state property and resources. Therefore, prediction and forecasting large area pressure and falling is a big issue. In the past few years, under the leadership of party organizations at all levels, we have followed Chairman Mao’s principle of "practice, understanding,