孔子和亚里士多德分别是中国和古希腊“轴心时代”的代表人物,《孔子诗论》和《诗学》也分别是古代中国和西方较早的文学理论著作,对后世产生了深远的影响,本文将从历史地位、流传特点、社会功能、形式、内容和论证方式等方面比较其异同,并由此得出当时中西文化的不同特点。 Confucius and Aristotle were the representative figures of China and the ancient Greek “Axis Age” respectively. “Confucius Poetics” and “Poetics” were respectively the earlier literary works of ancient China and the West, This article will compare the similarities and differences between the historical status, the characteristics of circulation, the social functions, the forms, the contents and the methods of argumentation, and draws the different characteristics of Chinese and Western cultures at that time.