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内蒙古河套灌区是全国乃至亚洲最大的一首制大型自流灌区。引黄灌溉对发展灌区农业生产和改善农业生态环境发挥着重要作用,但长期的大水漫灌和渠系水渗漏导致诱发下部盐分向表层聚集,产生土壤次生盐渍化。本文分析了影响河套地区土壤盐渍化形成的因素,包括:成土母质、气候条件、黄河水水质、水文地质条件和灌溉方式。旨在为合理利用地区水资源,治理土壤盐渍化提供参考。
Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District is the largest in China and even in Asia. Yellow River irrigation plays an important role in developing agricultural production and improving agro-ecological environment in irrigation areas. However, long-term flood irrigation and canal water leakage cause the salt concentration in the lower salt layer to induce surface secondary salinization. In this paper, the factors influencing the formation of soil salinization in Hetao area are analyzed, including: soil parent material, climatic conditions, the Yellow River water quality, hydrogeological conditions and irrigation methods. The purpose is to provide reference for the rational utilization of regional water resources and soil salinization.