由于泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带断裂系统发育以及目的层段沉积存在较大差异,导致地震施工难度较大,地震资料的品质难以满足勘探开发的需要。因此,开展了以提高复杂断块清晰成像为目的的三维地震勘探方法研究。首先,通过改善激发条件解决了研究区地表疏松砂砾层导致的单炮强低频干扰问题;其次,利用以往资料对炮密度与地层成像的信噪比之间的关系进行了研究,优选了野外施工因素,解决了研究区核三段上、下亚段因沉积差异性导致的地震资料品质响应问题;最后,针对复杂断块群波场复杂引起的断层反射难以聚焦成像的问题,应用双聚焦成像等技术,对三维观测系统参数进行了优化设计。方法实施后取得了较好的效果,复杂断块的断层成像更加清晰,尤其是核三段下亚段地震资料的信噪比与分辨率有了明显提高,达到了预期的勘探效果。 Due to the development of the fault system and the deposition of the target interval in the north slope of Biyang Depression, it is difficult to construct the earthquake and the quality of the seismic data can not meet the needs of exploration and development. Therefore, the study of 3D seismic exploration with the aim of improving the clear imaging of complex fault blocks has been carried out. First, the problem of single-gun strong and low-frequency interference caused by the loose gravel layer in the study area was solved by improving the excitation conditions. Secondly, the relationship between gun density and signal-noise ratio of formation imaging was studied by using the previous data. Factor, which solves the problem of seismic data quality response due to sedimentary differences in the upper and lower subbasins of the third member of the study area. Finally, aiming at the difficulty of focusing reflection caused by the complicated wavefield of complex fault block group, dual-focus imaging And other technologies, the three-dimensional observation system parameters were optimized. After the method has been implemented, good results have been achieved. The fault tomography of complex fault blocks is clearer. Especially, the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data in the lower sub-section of the third member of the core have been significantly improved, and the expected exploration result has been achieved.