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目的分析急性脑卒中患者肺部感染的相关因素,为临床防治提供依据。方法对2011年6月-2014年6月就诊的347例急性脑卒中患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,对急性脑卒中肺部感染患者的送检标本进行细菌培养和菌株鉴定,分析引发肺部感染的相关因素,采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果 347例急性脑卒中患者发生肺部感染73例,感染率为21.0%,共分离病原菌83株,其中革兰阴性菌49株占59.0%,以大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主,革兰阳性菌15株占18.1%,以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,真菌19株占22.9%,以白色假丝酵母菌为主;急性脑卒中患者的年龄、卒中类型、肺部疾病史、意识障碍、糖尿病和侵入性治疗等与肺部感染具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论急性脑卒中患者肺部感染是多因素相互作用的结果,感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,临床应采取积极的防治措施,改善患者预后。
Objective To analyze the related factors of pulmonary infection in acute stroke patients and provide the basis for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 347 acute stroke patients from June 2011 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Bacterial culture and strain identification were performed on the specimens of patients with acute stroke infection and pulmonary infection Infection related factors, using SPSS13.0 statistical software for statistical analysis. Results A total of 347 pulmonary infections were detected in 347 patients with acute stroke, the infection rate was 21.0%. A total of 83 pathogens were isolated, of which 49 strains were Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 59.0%. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15 strains of Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 18.1%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus, 19 strains accounted for 22.9% of fungi, mainly Candida albicans; acute stroke patients with age, stroke type, history of lung disease, Disorders of consciousness, diabetes and invasive treatment were associated with pulmonary infection (P <0.05). Conclusions Pulmonary infection in patients with acute stroke is the result of multifactorial interaction. Gram - negative bacteria are the main pathogens in infection. Active prevention and treatment measures should be taken to improve the prognosis of patients.