本文从社会历史发展和文化背景的角度,论述比较了中俄文学史上两个“多余人”奥涅金和蒋纯祖形象之异同,并指出:不同民族在相似的社会历史发展阶段上,会有相近的发展水平,类似的思想感情和心理特征。但因为历史文化背景的不同,不同民族又必然呈现出鲜明的个性差异。文章试图在这两者的对比中,剖析处在变革中的中西知识分子的差异性。 From the perspectives of social and historical development and cultural background, this essay expounds the similarities and differences between the two “surplus people ”, Onegin and Jiang Chuan-zu in the history of Chinese and Russian literature. It also points out that at different social and historical development stages, There are similar levels of development, similar ideological feelings and psychological characteristics. However, because of differences in historical and cultural backgrounds, different ethnic groups are bound to show distinctive individual differences. The article tries to analyze the difference between the Chinese and Western intellectuals in the process of reform in the comparison of the two.