情报学(或称情报科学)是一门年轻的综合性学科,是现代科学技术发展到一定阶段的产物。虽然作为传播人类科学文化知识的情报活动,从有文化开始便已经有了,而且对传播知识(情报)的各种形式(如目录、索引、文摘等)进行了广泛的探索和研究,但是作为一门新兴学科出现,则是在四十年代以后。这是因为到了四十年代,科学技术迅速发展,信息论、控制论、计算机科学以及新的语言学理论相继出现,大大促进了通讯科学的发展。情报科学正是在整个科学技术大发展的推动下,逐步产生发展起来的。目前,可以说仍处在发展过程之中。因 Intelligence science (or information science) is a young and comprehensive discipline, which is the product of the development of modern science and technology to a certain stage. Although intelligence activities as a dissemination of human scientific and cultural knowledge have already existed since the beginning of the culture, and extensive exploration and research have been conducted on various forms of dissemination of knowledge (intelligence) (such as catalogs, indexes and abstracts) A new discipline emerged in the late 1940s. This is because by the 1940s, with the rapid development of science and technology, the emergence of information theory, cybernetics, computer science and new linguistic theories has greatly promoted the development of communications science. Information science is precisely under the impetus of the great development of science and technology, and has gradually developed. At present, we can say that it is still in the process of development. because