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目的了解上海北蔡镇老年人群骨密度(BMD)变化规律及骨质疏松(OP)患病率,为本地区OP的防治提供参考。方法使用美国GE公司的Lunar Prodigy Advance PA+300164型双能X线骨密度仪测定上海市浦东新区北蔡镇261例60~79岁老年人正位腰椎和左股骨近端进行BMD测定。结果随着年龄的增加髋部BMD逐渐下降,而腰部从60~64岁组、65~69组、70~74岁BMD逐渐上升,而后下降。男性组与女性组OP患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄段OP患病率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);60~79岁老年人腰椎BMD对诊断OP贡献率为83%,髋部BMD对诊断OP贡献率为52%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);60~64岁组腰椎BMD与髋部BMD对诊断OP贡献率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);65~69组岁腰椎BMD与髋部BMD对诊断OP贡献率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);70~74岁和75~79岁组腰椎BMD与髋部BMD对诊断OP贡献率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。腰椎BMD对诊断OP贡献率随年龄增高而下降,髋部BMD对诊断OP贡献率随年龄增高而升高。结论上海北蔡镇老年人群OP患病率随年龄增高而增高,70~79岁女性骨质疏松的患病率最高,预防骨折的重点在老年妇女。老年人应坚持适当的体育活动,及时检查BMD,积极治疗OP,并注意防止跌倒导致的骨折发生。
Objective To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) in the elderly in Beicai town, Shanghai, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of OP in this area. Methods The BMD of 261 lumbar spine and proximal femur of 261 aged 60-79 years old in Beicai Town, Pudong New District of Shanghai City was measured by GE GE Lunar Prodigy Advance PA + 300164 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results With the increase of age, hip BMD gradually decreased, while the waist gradually increased from 60 to 64 years old, 65 to 69 and 70 to 74 years old BMD, and then decreased. The prevalence of OP in male and female groups was significantly different (P <0.05). The prevalence of OP in different age groups was significantly different (P <0.05) The contribution rate of hip BMD to diagnosis OP was 52% (P <0.05). The contribution rate of BMD between lumbar vertebra BMD and hip BMD to diagnosis OP was significantly different between the two groups (P <0.05). There was significant difference in the contribution rate of BMD between BMD of the lumbar spine and hip BMD between 65-69 (P <0.05), between the age of 70-74 and the age group of 75-79 There was no significant difference in the contribution rate of hip BMD to the diagnosis of OP (P> 0.05). The contribution of lumbar spine BMD to diagnosis of OP decreased with age, and the contribution rate of hip BMD to diagnosis OP increased with age. Conclusion The prevalence of OP in elderly population in Beicai, Shanghai is increasing with age. The prevalence of osteoporosis in women aged 70-79 is the highest, and the focus of prevention of fractures is in elderly women. The elderly should adhere to appropriate physical activity, timely examination of BMD, aggressive treatment of OP, and pay attention to prevent the occurrence of fractures caused by falls.