从理论上说,肿瘤细胞具有免疫原性,可以激发宿主的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应。尽管如此,它们仍能够成功地逃避抗肿瘤的免疫监视。由此可见,肿瘤细胞中存在某些分子机制逃避机体的免疫杀伤作用。这些机制包括肿瘤细胞膜上抗原表达异常,使宿主免疫系统难于识别它们。另外,肿瘤细胞能产生一些 In theory, tumor cells are immunogenic and can stimulate host humoral and cellular immune responses. Despite this, they are still able to successfully evade anti-tumor immune surveillance. This shows that there are some molecular mechanisms in tumor cells to escape the body’s immune killing effect. These mechanisms include abnormal antigen expression on tumor cell membranes, making it difficult for the host immune system to recognize them. In addition, tumor cells can produce some