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地震波正演模拟是在已知地下介质结构和参数的基础上,利用波动方程理论方法研究地震波在地下介质中的传播规律。为了减小波动方程正演数值模拟中的数值频散,本文提出了高阶交错网格有限差分地震波动方程正演模拟方法,推导出了时间和空间导数的高阶交错网格有限差分格式。模型试算表明:相比传统低阶规则网格,运用高阶交错网格进行数值模拟可有效压制数值频散现象,地震波场特征清晰,可以推广运用于地震正演模拟和地震偏移成像中,为地震解释和油气预测奠定基础。
Seismic wave forward modeling is based on the known structure and parameters of underground media, using the wave equation theory method to study the propagation of seismic waves in underground media. In order to reduce the numerical dispersion in numerical simulation of wave equation forward modeling, a forward modeling method of high order staggered grid finite difference seismic wave equation is proposed, and a high order staggered grid finite difference scheme of time and space derivatives is deduced. The experimental results show that compared with traditional low-order grids, numerical simulation using high-order staggered grids can effectively suppress the numerical dispersion and the characteristics of the seismic wavefields are clear and can be applied to seismic forward modeling and seismic migration imaging , Which laid the foundation for seismic interpretation and oil and gas prediction.