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坡脚型滑坡是汶川地震诱发的一种典型的滑坡灾害。基于坡脚以上滑面长度(L′)、滑坡坡度(α)、坡脚角度(β)和滑坡堆积区的坡度(γ)4个影响坡脚型滑坡运动参数的地形因素,采用正交分析、极差、方差和回归分析等方法,研究地形因素对不同体积滑坡的最大垂直运动距离(Hmax)、最大水平运动距离(Lmax)、坡脚下的水平运动距离(L)和等效摩擦系数(Hmax/Lmax)的影响特征。研究结果表明:L′对体积1×104 m3≤V<1×106 m3滑坡的Hmax和Lmax的影响最大,也是Hmax和Lmax的显著性影响因子;对滑坡的Hmax/Lmax的影响最大,而和是滑坡的Hmax/Lmax的显著性影响因子;对体积V≥1×106 m3滑坡的Lmax和L影响最大,也是体积V≥1×105 m3滑坡的L显著性影响因子。在最大运动参数因子组合上,体积1×104 m3≤V<1×106 m3的坡脚型滑坡地形因子的作用较为一致,而对体积V≥1×106 m3滑坡的作用具有较大的差异性。研究结果为地形因子对坡脚型滑坡运动参数的影响特征和显著性作用提供依据,对坡脚型滑坡的防灾减灾具有实际意义。
Slope-footed landslide is a typical landslide hazard induced by the Wenchuan earthquake. Based on the topographical factors affecting the slope-type landslide movement parameters based on the length of the slip surface (L ’), the slope of the slope (α), the angle of the slope foot (β) and the gradient of the landslide accumulation area (γ) (Hmax), maximum horizontal movement distance (Lmax), horizontal movement distance (L) at the foot of the slope and equivalent friction coefficient Hmax / Lmax) of the impact characteristics. The results show that L ’has the greatest influence on Hmax and Lmax of landslides with a volume of 1 × 104 m3 ≤ V × 106 m3, and is also a significant influencing factor of Hmax and Lmax; it has the greatest impact on Hmax / Lmax of landslides, and Is the significant factor of Hmax / Lmax of landslide. It has the most significant influence on Lmax and L of landslide with volume V≥1 × 106m, and is also the L significant influencing factor of landslide with volume V≥1 × 105m. In the combination of the maximum kinetic parameters, the topography factor of slope-footed landslide with the volume of 1 × 104 m3≤V <1 × 106 m3 is consistent, while the effect of the landslide with V≥1 × 106 m3 is quite different . The research results provide the basis for the feature and significance of terrain factors on the movement parameters of slope foot landslide, and have practical significance for the disaster prevention and reduction of slope foot landslide.