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惊厥是小儿时期常见的因中枢神经系统器质或功能异常而导致的急症症状,其病理生理基础为脑细胞功能紊乱引起细胞异常放电。导致惊厥的病因很多,因而在临床上除表现惊厥外,常伴有其他系统的症状和体征,特别是可能有各种生命体征异常的出现。因此不论任何原因引起的惊厥都是急症,尤其是持续惊厥,可因脑缺氧、缺血而产生脑损伤。临床上凡遇到惊厥病儿都应采取急救处理,必须立即控制惊厥,并掌握病史及主要体征,尽快查明病因,以便进行全面的治疗。认真细致的护理,对控制惊厥及协助找出病因,使患儿早日恢复健康能起到重要的作用。一、一般护理惊厥病儿病情变化快,多较危重,应备好氧气、吸痰器、气管插管以及急救药物。
Convulsions are common in children because of the central nervous system disorders or functional disorders caused by the emergency symptoms, the pathophysiology of brain cells dysfunction caused abnormal cell discharge. Cause convulsions of many causes, so in addition to clinical manifestations of convulsions, often accompanied by other symptoms and signs of the system, in particular, may have a variety of vital signs abnormalities. Therefore, regardless of any cause of convulsions are acute, especially persistent convulsions, may be due to cerebral hypoxia, ischemia and brain damage. Clinical encounter convulsions sick children should take emergency treatment, convulsions must be controlled immediately, and grasp the history and major signs, as soon as possible to identify the cause, in order to conduct a comprehensive treatment. Careful and meticulous care, control of convulsions and help identify the cause, so that children recover early health can play an important role. First, the general care of children with convulsions change fast, more critical, oxygen, sputum aspiration, tracheal intubation and emergency medicine should be prepared.