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以鸡粪和玉米秸秆为原料,采用好氧堆肥的方式,研究添加三种不同微生物菌剂对鸡粪高温腐熟效果的影响,探索有益微生物菌剂在畜禽废弃物高温堆肥中的作用。分析了堆肥不同时期各处理的堆温、pH值、种子发芽指数、水溶性铵态氮、水溶性有机氮、全氮、有机碳的变化。结果表明,在添加玉米秸秆调节物料碳氮比(25/1)的情况下,添加本研究中所采用的微生物菌剂可以迅速降低物料对种子发芽指数的影响,使发芽指数在21 d内达到80%以上,较对照提高45.52%;对水溶性铵态氮的转化和水溶性有机氮的形成都有明显的促进作用,腐熟堆肥的氮素保持提高25.46%;明显提高堆肥初期发酵温度,使堆体在第2 d达到高温阶段,并持续7 d以上,最高温度比对照高4.8℃,满足堆肥无害化卫生要求,大大缩短堆腐周期。综合多项指标分析,接种菌剂M2对促进有机碳的分解、有机氮的形成和提高腐熟效率更为有利。
Using chicken manure and corn stalks as raw materials, aerobic composting was used to study the effects of adding three different microbial inoculants on the high-temperature maturity effect of chicken manure and to explore the role of beneficial microbial agents in high-temperature composting of livestock wastes. The changes of reactor temperature, pH value, seed germination index, water-soluble ammonium nitrogen, water-soluble organic nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic carbon in different periods of composting were analyzed. The results showed that with the addition of corn stalks to adjust the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (25/1), the addition of the microbial agents used in this study could rapidly reduce the effect of the material on the seed germination index, and the germination index reached within 21 days 80%, which is 45.52% higher than that of the control. The transformation of water-soluble ammonium nitrogen and the formation of water-soluble organic nitrogen are obviously promoted. Nitrogen of composted composting is increased by 25.46%. The initial fermentation temperature is obviously increased The pile body reached the high temperature stage on the 2 d and lasted for more than 7 d, the highest temperature was 4.8 ℃ higher than the control, which met the detoxification and sanitation requirements of the compost and greatly shortened the pile cycle. Based on a number of indicators analysis, it is more beneficial to promote the decomposition of organic carbon, the formation of organic nitrogen and the improvement of decomposing efficiency.