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目的评价全民健康生活方式示范单元创建效果,为深圳市龙华新区慢性病防控策略和措施的制定提供科学依据。方法于2015年7-10月,选择深圳市龙华新区所有申报示范点的11家慢性非传染性疾病综合防控示范单位、5家示范餐厅的工作人员以及8家示范社区来参加全民健康生活方式讲座的社区居民为调查对象,由培训合格的调查员采用统一编制的调查问卷,于示范单元创建前进行基线调查,于示范单元创建3个月后用相同问卷进行第2次调查。采用SPSS 17.0统计软件对数据进行χ~2检验或确切概率法及秩和检验,比较创建前后调查对象对全民健康生活方式知识知晓情况和健康行为形成情况的差别。结果通过示范创建,创建后示范餐厅工作人员关于健康“一二一”、全民健康生活方式日、盐标准摄入量、油标准摄入量、正常BMI值和推荐身体活动水平知晓率(分别为51.5%、55.4%、66.2%、58.5%、31.5%和92.3%)与创建前(分别为34.3%、30.3%、45.7%、30.9%、16.0%和78.9%)相比均有所提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。示范社区创建后,社区居民关于全民健康生活方式日、正常BMI值的知晓率(分别为41.9%、31.4%)与创建前(分别为24.7%、19.5%)相比均有所提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。示范单位创建后,关于健康“一二一”、全民健康生活方式日、“身体活动”的含义、盐标准摄入量、油标准摄入量、正常BMI值和推荐身体活动水平(分别为80.9%、33.1%、77.2%、77.9%、46.0%、58.8%和95.6%)与创建前(分别为62.0%、25.7%、66.3%、58.9%、33.7%、28.5%和89.1%)相比均有所提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论通过示范创建可以有效提高目标人群关于全民健康生活方式知识知晓率和健康行为形成率。
Objective To evaluate the effect of creating demonstration units for universal health lifestyle and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies and measures for chronic diseases in Longhua New District of Shenzhen City. Methods From July to October 2015, 11 model non-communicable non-communicable disease prevention and control demonstration units, 5 model restaurant staffs and 8 model communities were selected to participate in the healthy lifestyle of all people in all demonstration sites in Longhua New District of Shenzhen City The surveyed community residents were surveyed by a qualified investigator using a unified questionnaire. A baseline survey was conducted before the demonstration unit was created. A second survey was conducted using the same questionnaire three months after the demonstration unit was established. SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to test the data by χ ~ 2 test or exact probabilistic test and rank sum test. The differences of knowledge of health literacy and health behaviors before and after the establishment were compared between the two groups. Results After the model was created, the awareness of restaurant staff about the health status, daily life style, salt standard intake, oil standard intake, normal BMI and recommended level of physical activity ( 51.5%, 55.4%, 66.2%, 58.5%, 31.5% and 92.3%, respectively) compared to pre-creation (34.3%, 30.3%, 45.7%, 30.9%, 16.0% and 78.9% respectively) , The differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). After the model community was established, the community residents’ awareness rate of normal BMI (41.9% and 31.4% respectively) on the National Healthy Lifestyle Day was higher than that before the establishment (24.7% and 19.5% respectively) There was statistical significance (P <0.01). After the establishment of the demonstration unit, on the meaning of “health”, “national health daily”, “physical activity”, salt standard intake, oil standard intake, normal BMI and recommended physical activity level (62.0%, 25.7%, 66.3%, 58.9%, 33.7%, 28.5% and 89.1% respectively) prior to creation (80.9%, 33.1%, 77.2%, 77.9%, 46.0%, 58.8% and 95.6% ) Were increased, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Through the creation of demonstration, the rate of awareness of healthy lifestyle knowledge and the rate of healthy behavior formation among the target population can be effectively improved.