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棉属野生种,到目前为止,全世界已报导的共31个,其中有的抗病虫,有的抗旱、抗寒,有的无蜜腺,有的无棉毒素,有的具有高品质的潜力,有的可提供胞质雄性不育基因,是很宝贵的种质资源.在国外,利用野生种和栽培种杂交,曾育成了一些品种.1978年,我们在江苏省植物研究所的大力帮助下,从国外引进的十多个野生棉种,在南京试种成功,并有部分获得了种子.这些野生种是:1.澳洲棉G.australe F.Muel-ler,分布在澳洲北部,染色体组符号C_3;2.比克氏棉G.bickii Prokh,分布在澳洲北部和中部,染色体组符号C_4~3;3.异常棉G.ano-mulam Wawra＆Peyr,分布在非洲北部和南部,染色体组符号B_1;4.索马里棉G.Soma-lense(Gurke)Hutch.分布在非洲东北部,染色体符号E_2,5.瑟伯氏棉G.thurberi Tod,
Cotton wild species, so far, has been reported in the world a total of 31, some of them resistant to pests and diseases, some drought, cold, some non-nectary, some without cotton toxins, and some have high-quality Potential, and some can provide cytoplasmic male sterility gene, is a very valuable germplasm resources abroad, the use of wild species and cultivars hybridization, has bred a number of varieties in 1978, we plant vigorously in Jiangsu Province Institute With the help of more than a dozen wild cotton species introduced from abroad, some successful seedlings were obtained from Nanjing, some of which were: 1. Australian cotton G.australe F.Muel-ler, distributed in northern Australia, Genome symbol C_3; 2. Bicker’s cotton G. bickii Prokh, located in northern and central Australia, the genomic symbols C_4 ~ 3; 3. Abnormal cotton G. nano-mulam Wawra & Peyr, distributed in northern and southern Africa, the genome Symbol B_1; 4. Somali cotton G.Soma-lense (Gurke) Hutch. Distribution in northeastern Africa, chromosome symbols E_2,5. Cerberus G. Thurberi Tod,