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历史解释在中国现当代社会发展中曾扮演重要角色,即充当说明现实政治理论、发展道路的工具。历史研究的政治化,不但存在诸多简单化曲解研究对象的现象,而且还极大地混淆了历史与现实之间的时空概念,造成严重的认识扭曲。本文通过对“文化大革命”初期聂元梓等人的大字报和改革开放初期小岗村的签名书两个标志性个案的研究,揭示自中国革命胜利至改革开放社会转型中政治文化现象的种种扭曲。两个个案的极端行为是社会变革中认识扭曲的选择,事件产生后的权威认可方式和历史解释,又使其后遗症在较长时期无法完全消除。故为保障社会参与向着法制化方向发展,必须首先提供具有道德深度的清晰的历史解释。
Historical explanation has played an important role in the development of modern and contemporary Chinese society, that is, it serves as a tool to illustrate the real political theory and development path. The politicization of historical research not only has many simplifications that distort the study object, but also greatly confuses the concept of space-time between history and reality, resulting in serious distortion of understanding. Through the study of two landmark cases such as posters of Nie Yuanzi et al. In the early period of “Cultural Revolution” and signature book of Xiaogang Village in the early stage of reform and opening up, this article reveals the phenomena of political and cultural phenomena in the social transition from the revolution of China to the reform and opening up distortion. The extreme behavior of the two cases is a distorted choice of understanding in the social revolution. The way of authoritative recognition and historical explanation after the incident has taken place can make it impossible for the aftermath of the sequelae to be completely eliminated in the longer term. Therefore, in order to ensure social participation toward legalization, we must first provide a clear historical explanation of the depth of morality.