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目的:探讨肿瘤患者医院感染的致病因素和防控策略。方法:采用前瞻性和回顾性调查的方法对2009年1月-2011年12月的院感染资料进行综合分析研究。结果:医院感染住院患者共1559例,其中,肿瘤患者发生医院感染的有802例,感染率为51.44%;其中,2009年的肿瘤感染率为59.79%,2010年的感染率为48.80%,2011年的感染率为48.84%。呼吸系统感染率最高,占37.28%(299/802),口腔感染占13.96%(112/802),最低是血液系统,占1.00%(8/802),肿瘤患者医院感染的年龄最小为3个月,最大87岁,老年患者占1/3以上;男性505例,女性297例,男性较女性患者感染发生率高(P<0.05);住院时间4～181d,住院时间越长,感染的几率就越高。医院感染主要与癌症本身、放化疗及手术等因素有关。结论:医院感染主要发生在呼吸系统,以老年患者偏多,肿瘤及其主要治疗手段是院感的易发因素,应从多方面加强医院感染的综合防控。
Objective: To explore the risk factors and prevention and control strategies of nosocomial infections in cancer patients. Methods: A prospective and retrospective survey of January 2009 - December 2011 nosocomial infection data were analyzed. Results: There were 1559 hospitalized patients with nosocomial infection, of which there were 802 hospitalized nosocomial infections with an infection rate of 51.44%. Among them, the rate of nosocomial infection was 59.79% in 2009 and 48.80% in 2010, respectively. 2011 The annual infection rate was 48.84%. Respiratory infection rate was the highest, accounting for 37.28% (299/802), oral infection accounting for 13.96% (112/802), the lowest was the blood system, accounting for 1.00% (8/802), the smallest nosocomial infection in cancer patients was 3 Month, the oldest was 87 years old, and the elderly accounted for more than one third. There were 505 males and 297 females, the incidence of male infection was higher than that of females (P <0.05); the length of hospitalization from 4 to 181 days, The higher. Hospital infection is mainly related to the cancer itself, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and surgery and other factors. CONCLUSIONS: Nosocomial infections mainly occur in the respiratory system. In elderly patients, tumor and its main treatment are the predisposing factors of nosocomial infection. Comprehensive prevention and control of nosocomial infections should be strengthened in many aspects.