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目的研究北京奥运会期间交通限行措施对大气污染物水平的影响,探讨大气质量改善与机体免疫水平的关系。方法 2008年,以北京市朝阳区社区中老年人群(n=236)为研究对象,分别在奥运交通限行前(7月)和限行中(9月)开展两次现场调查,测定血清免疫球蛋白及C-反应蛋白等免疫指标。依据北京市2008年6月—10月的大气污染物监测数据,分析大气污染物的浓度变化。结果 2008年北京市奥运交通限行期间,主要大气污染物水平明显降低。与交通限行前相比,PM10、NO2、SO2的平均水平分别降低30.5%,26.3%及7.3%。与2007年同期污染物水平相比,2008年奥运期各污染物水平明显降低,分别减少了39.6%(PM10),54.2%(NO2)和34.6%(SO2)。奥运期间研究对象血清免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白A水平明显升高,而C-反应蛋白、白细胞计数明显降低。结论北京奥运期间交通限行措施使大气质量明显好转,人群免疫水平亦随之明显改善。免疫功能损伤及炎症反应可能是大气污染物健康损害的生物学基础,免疫指标可作为研究大气污染健康影响的敏感效应指标。
Objective To study the impact of traffic restriction measures on air pollutant levels during the Beijing Olympic Games and to explore the relationship between the improvement of air quality and the immunity level of airframe. Methods In 2008, taking the community aged middle-aged and elderly people (n = 236) in Chaoyang District of Beijing as the research object, two field surveys were conducted before the Olympic traffic restriction (July) and the limit trip (September) respectively to measure the serum immunoglobulin And C-reactive protein and other immune indicators. According to the monitoring data of air pollutants in Beijing from June to October in 2008, the change of concentration of air pollutants is analyzed. Results During the 2008 Beijing Olympic traffic limit, the levels of major air pollutants dropped significantly. The average levels of PM10, NO2 and SO2 were reduced by 30.5%, 26.3% and 7.3% respectively compared with those before the traffic restriction. Compared with the levels of pollutants in the same period of 2007, the levels of pollutants in the Olympic Games in 2008 decreased by 39.6% (PM10), 54.2% (NO2) and 34.6% (SO2), respectively. During the Olympic Games, the levels of serum immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A were significantly increased while the C-reactive protein and leucocyte count were significantly decreased. Conclusions The traffic restriction measures during the Beijing Olympic Games have markedly improved the air quality and markedly improved the population immunity. Immune function damage and inflammatory response may be the biological basis for the health damage of air pollutants, and the immune index may be used as a sensitive index to study the health effects of air pollution.