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为探讨饲料磷脂对已交配和未交配雌性三疣梭子蟹卵巢发育、组织学结构和卵黄蛋白原基因表达的影响,本研究采用2×2双因子随机区组设计(日粮类型:0%和4%大豆卵磷脂;三疣梭子蟹交配处理:已交配和未交配),共4个处理组,以大豆卵磷脂0%和4%两种人工配合饲料分别投喂交配和未交配两组三疣梭子蟹雌蟹,进行了为期12周的饲养实验。结果显示,无论三疣梭子蟹是否交配,饲料中添加4%大豆卵磷脂可显著增加三疣梭子蟹的卵巢指数,提高血清中卵黄蛋白原、孕酮和雌二醇的浓度,增大卵母细胞直径;同时上调肝胰腺卵黄蛋白原mRNA相对表达量,但无显著性差异,肝胰腺指数呈现出和卵巢指数相反的趋势;交配后的三疣梭子蟹卵巢指数、肝胰腺卵黄蛋白原mRNA表达量显著高于未交配组。组织学观察显示,交配使得三疣梭子蟹卵母细胞沉积更丰富的卵黄颗粒,促进卵母细胞成熟,交配处理对肝胰腺指数和血清中卵黄蛋白原及孕酮的水平无显著性影响。此外,饲料磷脂水平和交配处理的交互作用显著影响了三疣梭子蟹血清中类固醇激素孕酮和雌二醇的浓度。本实验结果表明,饲料中大豆磷脂和交配处理均能促进雌性三疣梭子蟹的卵巢发育,交配处理对卵母细胞成熟的促进作用更为明显。
In order to investigate the effect of feed phospholipids on the ovary development, histological structure and vitellogenin gene expression of the migrated and unmated female Portunus trituberculatus, a 2 × 2 two-factor randomized block design (diet type 0% and 4 % Soy lecithin; Portunus trituberculatus mate: mated and unpaired), a total of four treatment groups were fed with 0% and 4% soybean lecithin two artificial feed was mating and unpaired two groups of Portunus trituberculatus Female crabs, for a period of 12 weeks of feeding experiments. The results showed that the addition of 4% soybean lecithin significantly increased the ovarian index of Portunus trituberculatus, increased the concentrations of vitellogenin, progesterone and estradiol in serum and increased the diameter of oocyte ; At the same time, the relative expression level of hepatopancreas yolk protein was up-regulated, but there was no significant difference. The index of hepatopancreas showed the opposite trend of that of ovary index. The ovarian index of Portunus trituberculatus and the expression of vitellogenin mRNA of hepatopancreas were significantly higher In the unpaired group. Histological observations showed that the mating resulted in more abundant yolk granules deposited in the C. portulaca oocysts and promoted oocyte maturation. Mating treatment had no significant effect on the hepatopancreas index and the serum levels of vitellogenin and progesterone. In addition, the interaction between dietary phospholipid levels and mating treatment significantly affected the concentrations of the steroid hormones progesterone and estradiol in Portunus tritubus. The results of this experiment showed that both soybean lecithin and mating treatment can promote the ovary development of Portunus trituberculatus, and the mating effect on oocyte maturation is more obvious.