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近几年来面神经颅内手术已广泛开展,虽然在显微镜下作了细致的操作,桥小脑角区某些肿瘤如听神经瘤、面神经神经鞘瘤、脑膜瘤、原发性胆脂瘤等疾病,经手术切除后引起的面瘫往往仍难避免。由于诊断技术的提高,采用显微外科手术以及耳鼻喉科与神经外科密切协作等原因,不仅桥小脑角肿瘤死亡率降低,而且使重建颅内段面神经已成为可能。颞骨外面神经分颅内和颅外二部分。颅内段面神经位于桥小脑角区,它起自脑桥,位于听神经前内方,至进入内耳道的全程始终与听神经保持密切关系,寻找此段面神经起始部,也可自颈静脉孔追踪舌咽神经在脑干的分出部位,面神经在舌咽神经起点上方4mm和向内2mm处。颅外段面神经全干长约7～12 mm,穿出茎乳孔后,向前、向下并稍微向外侧分布,与外耳道至下颌角连线平行,它位于茎突外侧,被腮腺覆盖,居下颌后窝深部,迂回向上、向前约105°角而达
In recent years, facial nerve intracranial surgery has been widely carried out, although under the microscope made a meticulous operation, some tumors of the cerebellopontine angle area such as acoustic neuroma, facial nerve schwannoma, meningioma, primary cholesteatoma and other diseases, Facial paralysis caused by surgical removal is often still difficult to avoid. Due to the improvement of diagnostic techniques, the use of microsurgery and the close cooperation of otolaryngology and neurosurgery, it not only reduces the mortality rate of cerebellopontine angle tumors but also makes it possible to reconstruct the intracranial facial nerve. The temporal nerve divides the cranial and extracranial parts. The intracranial facial nerve is located in the cerebellopontine angle region. It starts from the pons and is located in front of the auditory nerve. It has a close relationship with the auditory nerve all the way to the internal auditory meatus. The facial nerve can be found through the jugular foramen Part of the pharyngeal nerve in the brain stem, facial nerve in the glossopharyngeal nerve starting point 4mm and inward 2mm Department. Extracranial facial nerve dry all about 7 ~ 12 mm, after piercing the stylomastoid foramen, forward, downward and slightly to the outside distribution, and the external auditory meatus parallel to the mandibular angle, it is located in the lateral styloid process, the parotid gland covered, Habitat deep jaw nest, detour up, about 105 ° forward and up