水平基因转移理论的产生为生物进化研究开辟了另一条全新的路径,为研究人员从更多新角度、新思维去探讨生物进化的方式提供了重要的理论依据。在现有研究成果当中,普遍认为水平基因转移多发生于原核生物与单细胞真核生物当中,而且是两种生物进化的主要源动力。本文从单细胞真核生物、多细胞真核生物中的植物、真菌与动物三种类群几方面,对水平基因转移在其进化过程中所产生的作用与影响进行深入的探究与分析。 The emergence of horizontal gene transfer theory opens up a whole new path for biological evolution research, which provides an important theoretical basis for researchers to explore new ways of biological evolution from more new perspectives and new thinking. Among the existing research results, it is generally accepted that horizontal gene transfer occurs mostly in prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes, and is the main source of motivation for the evolution of both organisms. In this paper, from single-cell eukaryotes, multicellular eukaryotes in plants, fungi and animals in several aspects of the three levels of horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of its role and influence in-depth exploration and analysis.