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日语中表移动的动词「さがる」和「おりる」是日语中最为基础和常用的动词。而其多语义的特点及近义词的微妙差异,成为日语学习者难以逾越的障碍。文章运用连语论的观点分析原始例句,对「さがる」和「おりる」的基本语义和抽象化派生方向进行深入分析,得出两词的基本空间语义、抽象化派生语义及与不同“格”共起时语义产生的变化和分类结果,探索近义动词语义分析的新途径。
The Japanese moveable verbs “さ ga ru” and “お り ru” are the most basic and commonly used verbs in Japanese. The multi-semantic features and the subtle differences of synonyms have become an insurmountable obstacle for Japanese learners. In this paper, the author analyzes the original example sentences from the perspectives of continual discourse theory, analyzes the basic semantics and abstract derivation directions of “さ ga ru” and “お り ru”, concludes the basic spatial semantics, abstract derivation semantics, The syntactic semantic changes and the classification results of the co-operation, and the new way to explore the semantic analysis of the near-meaning verbs.