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在多羟基、多胺基聚丁二烯（AEHTPB）基础上，通过羟基的氰乙基化反应，制备了一种多氰基、多胺基聚丁二烯（AEHTPB‑CN）。通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对产物的结构进行表征，并对产物的黏度、玻璃化温度、羟值、胺值等理化性质进行了分析。考察了AEHTPB‑CN对黏合剂基体力学性能的影响，并通过装药实验探究了AEHTPB‑CN对丁羟推进剂力学性能及燃烧性能的影响。结果表明，AEHTPB‑CN的加入可有效提高HTPB弹性体的拉伸强度，其原因是AEHTPB‑CN分子中的氰基与氨基甲酸酯基团形成氢键，提高了弹性体的内聚能密度。装药实验结果表明AEHTPB‑CN在丁羟三组元、丁羟四组元推进剂中均表现出良好的键合、降速效果。添加AEHTPB‑CN后可使丁羟三组元推进剂常温环境下拉伸强度提升43.3%，伸长率提升91.3%，推进剂燃烧速度降低11.4%；可使丁羟四组元推进剂拉伸强度提升35.4%，伸长率提升62.0%，推进剂燃烧速度降低10.5%。“,”Starting from the multi‑amine， hydroxy polybutadienes （AEHTPB）， multi‑cyano， amine polybutadiene （AEHTPB‑CN） was synthesized through appropriate synthesis strategies. The structure of the product was characterized via FT‑IR and 1H NMR， and its physicochemical properties such as viscosity， glass‑transition temperature， hydroxyl value， and amine value were also determined. The effect of AEHTPB‑CN on the mechanical properties of binder system was investigated via tensile tests， and the performance of the resultant propellant with AEHTPB‑CN/HTPB mixture as a binder was explored. The results showed that the cyano groups in the AEHTPB‑CN molecule could form hydrogen bonds with the urethane groups， which increased the physical crosslinking density of the elastomer and effectively improved the tensile strength. The propellant level study indicated that the AEHTPB‑CN had a good bonding and burning rate inhibition effect on HTPB propellant. At room temperature， compared to HTPB‑based propellant， the propellant containing AEHTPB‑CN （5‑8wt.%） were 35.4%-43.3% larger in tensile strength， 62.0%-91.3% higher in elongation， and the burning rate was reduced by 10.5%-11.4%.