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本文通过理论分析指出,楼梯间和前室的隔断门对于空气渗透有很大的阻隔作用,其影响程度随外窗的密闭性的不同而异。外窗密闭性越差,楼梯门和前室门对空气渗透的衰减作用越明显,在本文列举的条件下,对于外窗密闭性很好(α_1=0.52×10~(-4))和密闭性很差(α_1=7.8×10~(-4))两种情况的房间渗透量进行比较表明,当建筑物的前室与楼梯间均不设门时,后者的房间渗透量约等于前者的8倍,当前室与楼梯间均设门时,后者的渗透量仅比前者的大1.5倍。这说明外窗密闭性越差的建筑物,在设计中越应该加强前室与楼梯间的封闭。本文的结论对于改进高层建筑和多层建筑的设计,正确计算渗透风量和冷热负荷具有实际意义。
Through theoretical analysis, this paper points out that the partition doors of stairwells and front rooms have a great barrier effect on air infiltration, and the degree of influence varies with the external window’s tightness. The worse the external window is, the more pronounced the attenuation of the air infiltration by the stair and front door, and the airtightness of the external window is good (α_1=0.52×10-4) and closed under the conditions listed in this article. The comparison of room penetration between two cases with poor sex (α_1=7.8×10-4) shows that when the front room and the stairwell of a building are not gated, the room penetration of the latter is approximately equal to the former. At 8 times of the time, when the current room and the stairwell have doors, the penetration of the latter is only 1.5 times larger than that of the former. This indicates that the buildings with poorer airtight outer windows should be closed in the design. The conclusion of this paper is of practical significance for improving the design of high-rise buildings and multi-story buildings and correctly calculating the infiltration air volume and the cooling and heating load.