腺苷是广泛分布于中枢神经系统的兴奋性神经递质,具有明确的抗癫痫作用,但因为其对于中枢神经系统外靶器官的不良反应影响了临床的使用。腺苷激酶作为调节腺苷水平的关键环节,具有潜在的抗癫痫和神经保护作用,通过多种方法途径提高局灶的腺苷水平成为目前癫痫治疗研究的热点。本文对腺苷和腺苷激酶在癫痫中的作用进行了系统综述,并介绍了以此为基础的新型抗癫痫治疗方法。 Adenosine is an excitatory neurotransmitter widely distributed in the central nervous system and has a definite antiepileptic effect. However, adenosine influences its clinical use because of its adverse reaction to target organs outside the central nervous system. Adenosine kinase plays a key role in the regulation of adenosine, which has potential antiepileptic and neuroprotective effects. It is a hot research topic in the field of epilepsy treatment that adenosine kinase is increased by a variety of methods. In this article, the roles of adenosine and adenosine kinase in epilepsy were systematically reviewed, and the new antiepileptic treatment based on this was introduced.