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针对海南地区秋冬季露天栽培的红掌佛焰苞耳部变绿(俗称“绿耳”)的问题,对比研究了不同季节佛焰苞发育过程中的颜色及相关的生理变化。结果表明:9月至翌年2月,佛焰苞耳部颜色变绿,其颜色参数a*明显低于3~8月颜色正常季节;总花青素苷、总黄酮、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和钾含量总体上低于颜色正常季节;而叶绿素含量及发育前期的PPO活性高于正常季节。推测导致佛焰苞颜色变绿的直接因素是其中花青素苷和叶绿素的合成比例发生了变化,间接生理原因可能是可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量不足,阻碍了花青素苷合成,同时又受到PPO的降解作用,总花青素苷含量下降,而佛焰苞中氮元素积累量较多,更有利于叶绿素的合成,出现“绿耳”。
Aiming at the problem that the ears of Anthurium buds grow green (commonly known as “green ear”) cultivated in open field in autumn and winter in Hainan Province, the color and related physiological changes during the development of spathe in different seasons were comparatively studied. The results showed that: from September to February of the following year, the color of aureus buds became green, the color parameter a * was significantly lower than the normal season from March to August; total anthocyanin, total flavonoids, soluble protein, soluble sugar and Potassium content was generally lower than normal color season, while chlorophyll content and pre-developmental PPO activity were higher than normal season. It is speculated that the direct cause of spathe color green is the anthocyanin and chlorophyll synthesis ratio has changed, indirect physiological reasons may be soluble protein and soluble sugar content, hinder the anthocyanin synthesis, but also by PPO degradation, total anthocyanin content decreased, while the spathe in the accumulation of more nitrogen, more conducive to the synthesis of chlorophyll, appear “green ear ”.