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一、前言石油进口多元化是美国保障能源安全的重要战略和措施。从上世纪70年代直到2000年,美国从全球约50多个国家和地区进口石油。区域上,涵盖北美、中南美、欧洲、俄罗斯及独联体其它国家、中东、北非、西非、澳洲、东南亚等世界各国或各个地区。2000年美国从世界各地区进口石油所占比例如表1。由表1可见,美国从各国或区域进口石油的比例都没有超过25%,可见美国实施的是全方位的、多来源的、均衡的石油进口方略。
I. Introduction The diversification of oil imports is an important strategy and measure for the United States in ensuring energy security. From the 1970s until 2000, the United States imported oil from about 50 countries and regions in the world. Regional, covering North America, Central and South America, Europe, Russia and other countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Middle East, North Africa, West Africa, Australia, Southeast Asia and other countries in the world or various regions. In 2000, the United States imported oil from all regions of the world as a share of Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the United States imports no more than 25% of the oil from various countries or regions. This shows that the United States is implementing a comprehensive and multi-sourced and balanced oil import strategy.