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通过8年定位试验,研究了长期施肥对褐土及其微团聚体中磷素形态分布和有效性的影响。结果表明,褐土磷素组成以无机磷为主,各级微团聚体各形态磷素含量均随粒级减小而增加,磷素有效性<10μm粒级最高,10～50μm粒级最低。不施肥处理土壤及其微团聚体各形态磷素含量显著减少;施肥均可提高土壤及其微团聚体磷素含量,全磷和无机磷含量以增量NPK化肥处理增加最多,有机磷和有效磷含量则以有机肥(物)料配施化肥处理较高,微团聚体各粒级磷素消耗或积累幅度因施肥制度而异。单施化肥处理土壤及其微团聚体中磷有效性降低,有机肥(物)料配施常量NPK化肥处理积累态磷有效性显著提高。采用有机肥(物)料配施常量NPK化肥是改善土壤磷素肥力的有效措施。
Through 8-year experiment, the effect of long-term fertilization on the distribution and availability of phosphorus in cinnamon soil and its micro-aggregates was studied. The results showed that the content of phosphorus in cinnamon soil was dominated by inorganic phosphorus, and the contents of various forms of micro-aggregates increased with the decreasing of grain size. The phosphorus availability <10μm was the highest and the lowest was 10-50μm. Fertilization could increase the content of phosphorus in soil and its microaggregates. The content of total phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus increased most with NPK fertilizer, and organic phosphorus was effective Phosphorus content is higher with organic fertilizer (material) compound fertilizer treatment, microaggregate size fractions of phosphorus consumption or accumulation rate varies due to the fertilization system. Phosphorus availability decreased with the application of chemical fertilizers in soil and its microaggregates. The effectiveness of organic fertilizer with NPK fertilizer in the treatment of accumulated phosphorus increased significantly. The use of organic fertilizer (material) with a constant NPK fertilizer is an effective measure to improve soil phosphorus fertility.