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目的 通过定量分析饮酒后小鼠海马内突触结构的形态参数变化 ,探讨酒精对脑形态和功能的影响。方法 选用 18只 2 0～ 30g昆明小鼠 ,随机均分为A、B、C组。三组动物分别以纯水、5 %酒精、10 %酒精为唯一饮料连续喂养 6 0d后 ,应用透射电镜及图象分析方法观察并测定海马CA1区突触结构的形态参数。结果 与A组相比较 ,B、C组突触结构的突触后膜致密物质厚度、突触活性区长度及突触间隙宽度均显著性变小。其中C组与B组相比 ,C组的突触间隙宽度明显变小 ,且有显著性差异 ,而突触后膜致密物质厚度和突触活性区长度无显著性差异。结论 酒精可以引起突触的可塑性变化 ;酒精通过改变突触结构的形态而影响神经冲动的传递功能及动物的学习记忆。
Objective To quantitatively analyze the morphological changes of synaptic structure in the hippocampus of mice after alcohol drinking, and to explore the effect of alcohol on brain morphology and function. Methods Eighteen 20 ~ 30g Kunming mice were randomly divided into A, B and C groups. Three groups of animals were fed with pure water, 5% alcohol and 10% alcohol as the sole drink continuously for 60 days. Transmission electron microscopy and image analysis were used to observe and measure the morphological parameters of synaptic structure in hippocampal CA1 area. Results Compared with group A, the thickness of synaptic membrane, the length of synaptic active region and the width of synaptic cleft were significantly decreased in group B and C. The width of synaptic cleft in Group C was significantly smaller than that in Group B, and there was a significant difference between Group C and Group B. There was no significant difference in the thickness of synaptic membrane and the length of synaptic active region. Conclusion Alcohol can cause changes in the synaptic plasticity. Alcohol can affect the impulse transmission and animal learning and memory by changing the synaptic structure.