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HL-A系统最初是人类白细胞抗原系统的简称。后来发现:属于HL-A系统的抗原不仅分布于白细胞表面,而且也广泛分布于包括眼在内的其他器官的细胞表面。因此,HL-A系统实际上是人体内主要的组织相容性抗原系统(human histocompatibility antigen system)。HL-A抗原受HL-A遗传位点(locus)控制。HL-A位点位于第六对常染色体上,由HL-A第一、第二、第三位点组成。HL-A位点与MLC位点和IR位点(免疫反应位点)共同构成主要组织相容性复合点(简称MHC),目前公认的HL-A第一位点有12个抗原,第二位点有18个抗原,第三位点有5个抗原,MLC位点(又称第四HL-A位点)有6个抗原。由于每一位点可决定一个
HL-A system was originally referred to as human leukocyte antigen system. It was later discovered that the antigens belonging to the HL-A system are distributed not only on the surface of leukocytes but also on the cell surface of other organs including the eye. Therefore, the HL-A system is actually the major histocompatibility antigen system in the human body. The HL-A antigen is controlled by the HL-A locus. The HL-A locus is located on the sixth pair of autosomes and consists of HL-A first, second and third loci. The HL-A locus together with the MLC locus and the IR locus (immunoreactive site) constitute the major histocompatibility complex point (MHC), the currently recognized HL-A first site has 12 antigens, the second There are 18 antigens in the locus, 5 antigens in the third locus and 6 antigens in the MLC locus (also called the fourth HL-A locus). Because each site can decide one