近视的发病机制历来就有遗传与环境因素之说,国外认为主要与遗传有关,如Crawford 曾对夏威夷学校中不同种族的学生进行调查,发现中国学生患病率最高,日本和朝鲜次之,白人居中,土著最低,差别显著。黑种人不论在非洲或北美洲,患病率总是低于白种人。胡诞宁发现,黑种人学生虽然也勤奋学习,但却很少有近视。国内则强调环境的因素。故虽有大量的流行病学调查资料,但尚缺乏对少数民族的调查以及民族因素对近视患病率影响的研究报道。我国是一个 The pathogenesis of myopia has always been genetic and environmental factors that foreign mainly genetic and related, such as Crawford had Hawaii schools in different ethnicities students survey found that the highest prevalence of Chinese students, followed by Japan and North Korea, white Middle, indigenous lowest, significant difference. Black people in Africa or North America, the prevalence is always lower than Caucasians. Hu Yanning found that although black students are also hard-working, but few have myopia. Domestic emphasis on environmental factors. Therefore, although a large number of epidemiological survey data, but the lack of investigation of ethnic minorities and ethnic factors on the prevalence of myopia research reports. My country is one