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我国制造业私营企业的出口贸易就业弹性整体上高于外资企业,表明私营企业出口增长对就业的拉动作用高于外资企业。反过来,意味着私营企业出口增速减缓对就业的负面影响也较大。根据制造业细分行业平均就业弹性估算的2007年出口退税政策变动引起的就业损失表明,私营企业集中的行业在2007年出口退税政策变动中受到较大影响,而外资企业集中行业所受的影响相对较小,估算结果证实了出口退税的政策成本主要由内资企业特别是私营企业承担的结论。
The employment elasticity of China’s manufacturing private enterprises in export trade is higher than that of foreign-funded enterprises as a whole, which shows that the export growth of private enterprises has more effect on employment than that of foreign-funded enterprises. This, in turn, means that the slowdown in the export growth of private enterprises has also had a negative impact on employment. The loss of employment caused by the change of export tax rebate policy in 2007 estimated based on the average employment elasticity in manufacturing sub-industries shows that the concentration of private-owned industries is greatly affected by the changes in the export tax rebate policy in 2007, while the impact of FIEs concentration in industries Relatively small, the estimation results confirmed that the policy cost of export tax rebates mainly by domestic-funded enterprises, especially private-owned enterprises concluded.