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综合考虑我国方量的地理分布和气候特点,提出了一项星地激光通信的地面多址布站方案,仿真分析了大气散射引起的衰减及大气湍流对星地链路的影响。利用卫星工具包(STK)软件分析了地球静止轨道(GEO)卫星与5个地面站的链路特性。结果表明,西藏的阿里站同时具有最理想的经度和纬度,地平角为52°,最有利于开展星地激光通信。在一定天气条件下,随着波长的增加,对应的散射引起的功率衰减减小;随着能见度的降低,大气散射引起的光功率平均衰减增加;随着地平角的升高,大气引起的功率平均衰减减小;波长越长,闪烁指数越小;随着接收孔径直径的增大,闪烁指数快速减小;随着海拔高度的增加,闪烁方差减小。该研究为星地激光通信外场实验提供了一定的理论依据。
Considering the geographic distribution and climatic characteristics of China’s square meters, a scheme of terrestrial multi-site distribution for satellite laser communication is proposed. The attenuation caused by atmospheric scattering and the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the star-ground links are simulated. The link characteristics of geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites with 5 ground stations were analyzed using the satellite kit (STK) software. The result shows that Ali Station in Tibet has the best longitude and latitude at the same time, and the angle of horizon is 52 °, which is most conducive to the satellite laser communication. Under certain weather conditions, the power attenuation due to the corresponding scattering decreases as the wavelength increases. With the decrease of visibility, the average attenuation of optical power caused by atmospheric scattering increases. With the rise of the angle of the horizon, the average power caused by the atmosphere The attenuation decreases; the longer the wavelength, the smaller the flicker index; the flicker index decreases rapidly with the increase of the receiving aperture diameter; and the flicker variance decreases as the altitude increases. The research provides a theoretical basis for the field experiments of star laser communication.