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在甘肃张掖大规模制种过程,采用人工调控土壤生态环境和田间调查方法,针对不同土体温度、湿度、酸碱度、养分含量,研究了菌丝体的生长状况和对寄主侵染的规律,提出了抗病品种为主的栽培措施以外的以调控土壤环境为主的防治方法。结果表明:致病菌枝顶头孢霉Acrrmonium strictum W.Gams在土壤pH7.0-8.0时生长迅速;生长适温为28～32℃,较菌丝体在培养基上的适温高;当绝对含水量在10%或20%时生长迅速;肥力因子N、K、P素对该病的影响较大,养分有效N素含量高、有效P素含量低、有效K含量不足发病重;病菌对幼苗的侵染也具明显的规律性,高温高湿有利于病菌对幼苗的侵染,病情指数增高,感病品种较抗病品种病情指数低。
In the process of large-scale seed production in Zhangye, Gansu, the soil ecological environment and field investigation methods were manually controlled to study the growth of mycelia and the rules of host infection according to the temperature, humidity, pH and nutrient content of different soils In addition to the cultivation of disease-resistant cultivars to control the soil environment-based approach to prevention and control. The results showed that Acrrmonium strictum W.Gams grew rapidly at pH 7.0-8.0. The optimum temperature for growth was 28 ~ 32 ℃, which was higher than that of mycelium on medium. When absolute Water content in 10% or 20% of rapid growth; Fertility factors N, K, P prime on the impact of the disease, nutrient-rich N-high content, effective P-content is low, effective K content less severe disease; Seedling infection also has obvious regularity. High temperature and high humidity are favorable to the infection of seedlings by germs, and the disease index is increased. The disease index of susceptible varieties is lower than that of the resistant varieties.