图式理论源于格式塔(gestalt)心理学,之后应用于人工智能(AI)研究,并进入话语分析领域,成为一种重要的话语理解理论。目前,国内将图式理论与话语分析结合的研究已经非常多,但很少看到图式理论应用于叙事理解的研究。本文论述图式理论应用于叙事理解研究的三个途径:①故事图式研究;②叙事理解中的图式结构和类别;③图式应用于叙事理解的认知过程,并辨析各相关理论的异同。 Schema theory originated in gestalt psychology, and later applied to the research of artificial intelligence (AI), and entered the field of discourse analysis, becoming an important theory of discourse comprehension. At present, there are a lot of studies on the combination of schema theory and discourse analysis in China, but seldom see the application of schema theory to the study of narrative understanding. This paper discusses three approaches to the application of schema theory to the study of narrative understanding: (1) the study of story schema; (2) the schema structure and category of narrative understanding; (3) the schemata applied to the cognitive process of narrative comprehension and Similarities and differences.