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目的了解食物过敏儿童常见食物变应原的种类及其构成比、一般体液免疫及细胞免疫状况,为临床采取合理的诊疗措施提供科学依据。方法对246例食物过敏儿童和192例健康儿童血清的14种食物过敏原特异性IgE、血清免疫球蛋白总IgE、IgG、IgA、IgM、补体C3、C4进行检测,并进行外周血淋巴细胞亚群流式细胞术检测,对两组结果进行统计学分析。结果变应原阳性率前5位的分别是牛奶(21.11%),牛肉(17.20%),全蛋(16.49%),黄豆(9.73%),芝士8.77%。食物过敏组患儿总IgE水平、CD19+B淋巴细胞水平明显高于健康对照组(P<0.05),两组间IgG、IgA、IgM、补体C3、C4水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),各类型T淋巴细胞(包括CD3+T淋巴细胞、CD3+CD4+辅助T细胞、CD3+CD8+抑制T细胞、CD3-CD16+CD56+NK细胞水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论广州地区儿童食物过敏的变应原中最常见的是牛奶、牛肉和全蛋,血清总IgE水平、外周血CD19+B淋巴细胞水平等反映体液免疫功能指标的检测在儿童食物过敏诊断和治疗中的应用值得进一步研究。
Objective To understand the types and compositional ratios of common food allergens in children with food allergy, general humoral immunity and cellular immune status, and provide a scientific basis for clinical reasonable measures of diagnosis and treatment. Methods Serum levels of 14 food allergens (IgE), total IgE, IgG, IgA, IgM, complement C3 and C4 were measured in 246 food allergy children and 192 healthy children. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets Group flow cytometry, the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results The highest positive rates of allergens were milk (21.11%), beef (17.20%), whole egg (16.49%), soybean (9.73%) and cheese (8.77%). The level of total IgE and the level of CD19 + B lymphocytes in children with food allergy were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in IgG, IgA, IgM, complement C3 and C4 between the two groups (P> 0.05 There was no significant difference in the levels of all types of T lymphocytes (including CD3 + T lymphocytes, CD3 + CD4 + helper T cells, CD3 + CD8 + T cells and CD3-CD16 + CD56 + NK cells. The most common allergens in children with food allergy in Guangzhou are milk, beef and whole eggs, serum total IgE levels, peripheral blood CD19 + B lymphocyte levels and other indicators reflect the detection of humoral immunity in children with food allergy diagnosis and treatment The application is worth further study.