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目的了解东莞市围生儿神经管畸形的现状,为进一步制定神经管畸形干预措施提供依据。方法对2008年1月-2011年12月在东莞市各镇区住院分娩的孕满28周至产后7 d的围生儿556 282例进行出生缺陷监测,并对监测所得的神经管畸形资料进行分析。结果 (1)4年间东莞市医院监测围生儿神经管畸形143例,平均发生率为2.57/万。(2)神经管畸形类型发生顺位由高到低为脊柱裂、无脑儿、多发畸形、脑膨出。单发畸形占86.01%。(3)神经管畸形的发生具有以下特征:女性神经管畸形发生率高于男性(P0.01);外省户籍孕母神经管畸形发生率高于省内(包括东莞市)户籍孕母(P0.01)。4年来外省户籍孕母神经管畸形发生率呈下降趋势(P0.05),省内(包括东莞市)户籍孕母变化不大(P均>0.05);孕母年龄<20岁及≥35岁组神经管畸形发生率高于其他年龄组(P0.01)。结论东莞市神经管畸形发生率呈下降趋势,且低于全国平均水平;神经管畸形发生率与围生儿性别、孕母户籍及年龄呈相关性;神经管畸形是一种由遗传和环境因素共同作用导致的出生缺陷,只有采取综合的干预措施,才是降低神经管畸形、提高出生人口素质的有效手段。
Objective To understand the current status of perineural neural tube defects in Dongguan City and to provide evidences for the further development of neural tube deformity interventions. Methods From January 2008 to December 2011 in Dongguan towns and villages in the delivery of pregnant 28 weeks pregnant to 7 days postpartum perinatal 556 282 cases of birth defects monitoring and monitoring of neural tube defects were analyzed . Results (1) 143 cases of perineural neural tube defects were monitored in Dongguan City Hospital in 4 years, with an average incidence of 2.57 / million. (2) the occurrence of neural tube defects in the order from high to low as spina bifida, no brain children, multiple deformities, encephalocele. Single malformations accounted for 86.01%. (3) The incidence of neural tube defects has the following characteristics: the incidence of neural tube defects in women is higher than that in men (P <0.01); the incidence of neural tube defects in pregnant women in other provinces is higher than that in province (including Dongguan) .01). In the past four years, the incidence of neural tube deformity in pregnant women in other provinces has been declining (P <0.05), while there has been little change in the number of pregnant women in the province (including Dongguan) (P> 0.05). The pregnant women aged <20 and ≥35 The incidence of neural tube defects was higher than other age groups (P <0.01). Conclusions The incidence of neural tube defects in Dongguan shows a decreasing trend, which is lower than the national average. The incidence of neural tube defects is related to the perinatal sex, maternal age and the age of the pregnant women. Neural tube deformity is a disorder characterized by genetic and environmental factors The birth defects caused by the joint action only take comprehensive interventions, is to reduce the neural tube defects, improve the quality of the birth of the population an effective means.