红细胞生成素(Erythropoietin,EPO)作为促进红细胞前体增殖分化的促生长激素已被广泛地应用于贫血的临床治疗。近期的研究发现在啮齿类动物和人类的脑组织中也有EPO及其受体(EPOR)的基因表达,巨EPO的作用机制也不仅仅局限于原来的内分泌,而是扩展至包括内分泌、旁分泌甚至自分泌在内的多种机制。进一步的研究表明,当脑组织出现缺血缺氧或其他代谢障碍如发生低血糖、生长因子匮乏、兴奋性毒素中毒时,EPO对神经 Erythropoietin (EPO) has been widely used in the clinical treatment of anemia as a growth hormone that promotes the proliferation and differentiation of erythrocyte precursors. Recent studies have shown that the gene expression of EPO and its receptor (EPOR) is also found in rodent and human brain tissues. The mechanism of action of macroscopic EPO is not limited to the original endocrine but extends to include endocrine, paracrine Even autocrine, including a variety of mechanisms. Further studies have shown that when the brain tissue hypoxia or other metabolic disorders such as hypoglycemia, lack of growth factors, excitotoxicity poisoning, EPO on the nerve