【摘 要】
：
Extreme El Ni?o events not only cause climate disasters leading to enormous socioeconomic losses,but also have devastating impacts on the world\'s ecosystems[1,2].A reliable projection of their frequency change in the future warmer climate is there-fore
【机 构】
：
Application Lab,Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology,Japan
论文部分内容阅读
Extreme El Ni?o events not only cause climate disasters leading to enormous socioeconomic losses,but also have devastating impacts on the world\'s ecosystems[1,2].A reliable projection of their frequency change in the future warmer climate is there-fore very important for our sustainable development as well as disaster prevention[3].rnSince the development of extreme El Ni?o is always accom-panied by weakened easterlies and eastward extension of deep convection,a commonly accepted view is that the extreme El Ni?o,which is defined with convective activities in the Ni?o3 re-gion,would increase twice in the future warmer climate[4].Be-cause the sea surface temperature(SST)warming in the eastern tropical Pacific would be faster than its surrounding areas,the climatological zonal and meridional SST gradients,preventing the deep convection from moving eastward in the present-day climate,would be easily reversed by a much smaller-than-today SST anomaly in the eastern tropical Pacific in future.
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